Longhorn is a lightweight, reliable, and powerful distributed block storage system for Kubernetes. Longhorn (henceforth LH) implements distributed block storage using containers and microservices. LH creates a dedicated storage controller for each block device volume and synchronously replicates the volume across multiple replicas stored on multiple nodes. The storage controller and replicas are themselves orchestrated using Kubernetes. The main features are:

• Enterprise-grade distributed block storage with no single point of failure;
• Incremental snapshot of block storage;
• Backup to secondary storage (NFS or S3-compatible object storage) built on efficient change block detection;
• Recurring snapshots and backups;
• Automated, non-disruptive upgrades. You can upgrade the entire LH software stack without disrupting running storage volumes;
• An intuitive GUI dashboard.

Installation

LH can be installed on a Kubernetes cluster in several ways: Rancher catalog app, kubectl or Helm. In this guide we will focus on the installation via Helm chart, which must of course be installed. However, for further details, please refer to the official guide.

Requirements

Each node in the Kubernetes cluster where Longhorn is installed must fulfill the following requirements:

1. A container runtime compatible with Kubernetes (Docker v1.13+, containerd v1.3.7+, etc.).
2. Kubernetes v1.16+ (recommend Kubernetes v1.17+).

3. open-iscsi is installed, and the iscsid daemon is running on all the nodes. This is necessary, since Longhorn relies on iscsiadm on the host to provide persistent volumes to Kubernetes.

   # If not present, launch the command $ sudo yum install iscsi-initiator-utils -y

   
   

4. RWX support requires that each node has a NFSv4 client installed.

   # If not present, launch the command $ sudo yum install nfs-utils -y

   
   

5. The host filesystem supports the file extents feature to store the data. Currently we support ext4 and XFS.

   # Check that the database type is "xfs" or "ext4" $ df -T $ df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/vda1 xfs 80G 5.0G 76G 7% /

   
   

6. curl, findmnt, grep, awk, blkid, lsblk must be installed.

7. Mount propagation must be enabled.

   # Insert the following lines into the file "/etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/mount_propagation_flags.conf" [Service] MountFlags=shared # Then restart the service $ sudo systemctl daemon-reload $ sudo systemctl restart docker.service

   
   

Installation

Add the Longhorn Helm repository and Fetch the latest charts from the repository

$ helm repo add longhorn https://charts.longhorn.io
$ helm repo update

To install Longhorn with Helm 3, use these commands

kubectl create namespace longhorn-system
helm install longhorn longhorn/longhorn --namespace longhorn-system